Looking Back at Rodney King and the L.A. Riots

Rodney King became a household name after images surfaced of him taking a life-threatening beating by four white police officers from the Los Angeles police department in 1992. After the four police officers were acquitted by a jury,  a violent uprising  broke out in Los Angeles, lasting over five days, and leaving more than 50 people dead and thousands injured. A Brutal beating On March 3, 1991, 25-year-old Rodney King was leaving an event by car with his friends when a police car on his tail motivated him to attempt to flee at 100 miles per hour. According to Kings account, he kept driving instead of pulling over because he was violating the terms of his parole—from a prior robbery—by drinking and he wanted to avoid trouble with the police. Instead, he kept driving and triggered a high-speed chase that ended when he pulled over. As King stepped out of the vehicle with his hands up police instructed him to get on the ground and they began beating him with their batons. Between four officers, King was struck at least 50 times and received at least 11 fractures. Nearly beaten to death, King was rushed to the nearest hospital where doctors operated on him for five hours.  Ã‚   Thankfully for King, a bystander named George Holiday had been overlooking the balcony during the brutal beating and recorded  the incident. The next day, Holiday took the footage to the local television station. The outrage and backlash from the officers actions was so significant that Rodney King was released from the hospital four days later  with no official charges filed against him. Conviction On March 15, 1991, Sergeant Stacey Koon and officers Laurence Michael Powell, Timothy Wind, and Theodore Briseno were indicted by a Los Angeles grand jury in connection with the beating. A little more than two months later, the grand jury decided not to indict the 17 officers who were there at the time of King’s beating but did nothing. The four officers accused of beating King were acquitted on April 29,1992. A violent uprising  began in South Central Los Angeles. An truck driver, uninvolved in King’s case, was beaten and the footage was caught on videotape by a passing helicopter. The mayor declared a state of emergency and the governor made a request for the National Guard to assist law enforcement officials. During that time 1,100 Marines, 600 Army soldiers, and 6,500 National Guard troops patrolled the streets of Los Angeles. Heartbroken and feeling responsible for the surrounding chaos, Rodney King, fighting back tears, made a public statement and recited the following famous lines: People, I just want to say, can we all get along?† on May 1, 1992. Small Victories The nation waited in fear of future riots as the trial for the four officers began. Less than two months later, two of the officers—Koon and Powell—were found guilty by a federal jury for having violated King’s civil rights. According to  news  reports, â€Å"U.S. District Court Judge John Davies sentences both Sergeant Stacey Koon and Officer Laurence Powell to 30 months in prison for violating Kings civil rights. Powell is found guilty of violating Kings constitutional right to be free from an arrest made with ‘unreasonable force.’ Ranking officer Koon is convicted of permitting the civil rights violation to occur.† Sadly for King, struggles with alcoholism and drug use led to further negative interactions with the law. In 2004,  was arrested after a domestic dispute and later plead guilty to driving under the influence. In  2007  he was found drunk with non-threatening gunshot wounds. In recent years, Rodney King has given several personal interviews including with CNN and Oprah.  On June 18, 2012, his fiancee Cynthia Kelley, a juror in his trial many years prior, found him at the bottom of his swimming pool. He was pronounced  dead  at the hospital. A Catalyst for Change Rodney Kings horrific experience with the Los Angeles Police Department was horrific helped to illuminate some of the myriad problems with police brutality. Images of the beating and the uprising  that followed live on in infamy as a symbol of the troubled relationship between police and the Black community.

Jomon Culture Hunter Gatherers of Japan

Jomon is the name of the early Holocene period hunter-gatherers of Japan, beginning about 14,000 B.C.E. and ending about 1000 B.C.E. in southwestern Japan and 500 C.E. in northeastern Japan. The Jomon made stone and bone tools, and pottery beginning at a few sites as early as 15,500 years ago. The word Jomon means cord pattern, and it refers to the cord-marked impressions seen on Jomon pottery. Jomon Chronology Incipient Jomon (14,000–8000 B.C.E.) (Fukui Cave, Odai Yamamoto I)Initial Jomon (8000–4800 B.C.E.) (Natsushima)Early Jomon (ca 4800–3000 B.C.E.) (Hamanasuno, Tochibara Rockshelter, Sannai Maruyama, Torihama Shell Mound)Middle Jomon (ca 3000–2000 B.C.E.) (Sannai Maruyama, Usujiri)Late Jomon (ca. 2000–1000 B.C.E.) (Hamanaka 2)Final (1000–100 B.C.E.) (Kamegaoka)Epi-Jomon (100 B.C.E.–500 C.E.) (Sapporo Eki Kita-Guchi) The Early and Middle Jomon lived in hamlets or villages of semi-subterranean pit houses, excavated up to about one meter into the earth. By the late Jomon period and perhaps as a response to climate change and a lowering of sea levels, the Jomon moved into fewer villages sited mainly on the coastlines and there relied increasingly on river and ocean fishing, and shellfish. The Jomon diet was based on a mixed economy of hunting, gathering, and fishing, with some evidence for gardens with millet, and possibly gourd, buckwheat, and azuki bean. Jomon Pottery The earliest pottery forms of the Jomon were low-fired, round and pointed-based forms, created during the Initial Period. Flat-based pottery characterized the Early Jomon period. Cylindrical pots are characteristic of northeastern Japan, and similar styles are known from mainland China, which may or may not suggest direct contact. By the Middle Jomon period, a variety of jars, bowls, and other vessels were in use. The Jomon has been the focus of much debate concerning the invention of pottery. Scholars today debate whether pottery was a local invention or diffused from the mainland; by 12,000 B.C.E. low-fired pottery was in use throughout East Asia. Fukui Cave has radiocarbon dates ca. 15,800–14,200 calibrated years BP on associated charcoal, but Xianrendong Cave in mainland China so far holds the oldest pottery vessels discovered on the planet, by perhaps a thousand years or so. Other sites such as Odai Yamomoto in Aomori prefecture have been found to date the same period as Fukui Cave, or somewhat older. Jomon Burials and Earthworks Jomon earthworks are noted by end of the Late Jomon period, consisting of stone circles around cemetery plots, such as at Ohyo. Circular spaces with earthen walls up to several meters high and up to 10 meters (30.5 feet) thick at the base were built at several sites such as Chitose. These burials were often layered with red ochre and were accompanied by polished stone staffs which may represent rank. By the Late Jomon period, evidence for ritual activities is noted at sites by elaborate grave goods such as masks with goggle eyes and anthropomorphic figurines accompanying burials placed in ceramic pots. By the Final period, farming of barley, wheat, millet, and hemp developed, and the Jomon lifestyle diminished all over the region by 500 C.E. Scholars debate whether the Jomon were related to the modern Ainu hunter-gatherers of Japan. Genetic studies suggest that they are likely biologically related to the Jomon, but the Jomon culture is not expressed within modern Ainu practices. The known archaeological correlate of the Ainu is called the Satsumon culture, who is believed to have displaced the epi-Jomon about 500 C.E.; Satsumon may be a descendant of the Jomon rather than a replacement. Important Sites Sannai Maruyama, Fukui Cave, Usujiri, Chitose, Ohyu, Kamegaoka, Natsushima, Hamanasuno, Ocharasenai. Sources Craig OE, Saul H, Lucquin A, Nishida Y, Tache K, Clarke L, Thompson AH, Altoft DT, Uchiyama J, Ajimoto M et al. 2013. Earliest evidence for the use of pottery. Nature 496(7445):351-354.Crawford GW. 2011. Advances in Understanding Early Agriculture in Japan. Current Anthropology 52(S4):S331-S345.Crema ER, and Nishino M. 2012. Spatio-temporal distributions of Middle to Late Jomon pithouses in Oyumino, Chiba (Japan). Journal of Open Archaeology Data 1(2).Ikeya N. 2017. Group migration and cultural change following the Akahoya volcanic ashfall: Identifying the pottery production centers at the beginning of the Early Jomon period of Japan. Quaternary International 442(Part B):23-32.Moriya T. 2015. A Study of the Utilization of Wood to Build Pit Dwellings from the Epi-Jomon Culture to the Satsumon Culture in Hokkaido Region, Japan. Journal of the Graduate School of Letters 10:71-85.Nakazawa Y. 2016. The significance of obsidian hydration dating in assessing the integrity of Holocene midden , Hokkaido, northern Japan. Quaternary International 397:474-483.

A PR plan for ageless Free Essays

The plastic industry has been growing over the years and has gained much popularity especially in the cosmetic surgery where the consumers, for example can undergo to have a tummy tuck, especially after giving birth.   This has been tremendous increase on the demand for plastic surgery especially among the female sex. In the beginning or earlier onset of this practice, most people viewed plastic surgery only meant for people who have been burnt, born with birth defects, accidents trauma and hence the introduction of cosmetic surgery took a lot of time to convince the potential consumers that its for enhancement or repair of their physical body outlook. We will write a custom essay sample on A PR plan for ageless or any similar topic only for you Order Now More and more people have embraced the whole cosmetic surgery concept especially after the introduction and screening of reality shows, for example.   Extreme makeover, the Swan etc. this reality shows, has been an eye opener to the views (who are the potential clients) that it is safe and the physical results are amazing to the client/participants of the show. In the US this industry has been becoming and other countries are following and practicing the cosmetic surgery especially in the Latin, Asian countries.   This industry has generated a lot of revenue fro the US and hence the other countries are following and what to introduce and encourage growth in the industry. The Ageless organization plans to expand their market globally and one to the country that it has chosen is; Mexico MEXICO This is a large country that borders the US to the north and has a large population of over 100milion people.   The plastic surgery industry is not new to the country, because many of the locals have undergone some slight surgical procedures. For example breasts enhancement, reshaping of the nose etc. This country is perfect for our organization because of the demand of reputable and professional plastic surgeons.   This is due to the increase of unscrupulous people who refer themselves as plastic surgeons for the sake of making money from their patients while not doing the surgery we.   There has been an increase in cases, where some consumers have undergone a cosmetic surgery. For example tummy tucks and have ended-up with more surgical complications e.g. incomplete tummy tucks due to infection. The public relations will focus in communicating the positive side of cosmetic surgery, for example most people assume that this industry is only meant for the rich, celebrities e.g. musicians, actress but this is not true.   The ageless will offer cosmetic surgery at affordable prices for its consumers compared to the other practitioners, hence anyone seeking for the service can be able to afford it. The cosmetic surgery helps people to fix any birth defects or abnormalities that the potential   consumer is uncomfortable with e.g. reshaping of the nose, face lift which will be preformed incase where there is premature formation of wrinkles due to financial stress, effects of facial creams etc. The public realtions has decided to focus their main attention of communication to the female gender.   This is because this the largest and willing consumer who opt for cosmetic surgery to fix their physical problems.   The communication strategies will mainly focus on women who have already given birth.    After careful analysis, it was found out women who have given birth seek for affordable cosmetic surgery to help them fix some of the aftermath physique problems for example decrease of stretch marks by use of raiser dermatology technique removal of excess skin especially at the abdominal area etc. Most of the market segments i.e. the women; it has been observed that immediately after giving birth, they gain baby fat of which after vigorous exercise plan they are able to shed-off the baby fat still resulting to loose skin, the breasts drooping and this shatters their self-esteem. The breasts drooping and this shatters their self-esteem. The women don’t feel beautiful or sexy for their husbands.   This outcome has resulted to many marriages been affected since there is no sexual intimacy.   The women feel that they can no longer wear bathing suits e.g. bikinis or small tops because of the physical outlook. The cosmetic surgery will help the women get back their youthful body through for example tummy tucks (where the excess skin is removed, breast enlargement by adding of breast implants) and the groove back in the marital bed. Strategies for communication The PR will engage the use model hierarchy –of- effects for the communication and creation of publicity to the targeted consumers.   In this model, the buyers purchase decision is proceeded by steps such as convictions about the service benefits through various means for example testimonials from women who have   undergone cosmetic surgery to fix problems   that resulted form pregnancy. The preference for the brand i.e. ageless brand, liking and been the preferred choice brand. Knowledge relating to the to the benefits and features of the service after an awareness of the service has been gained through the use of classified advertisements, publicity etc. The basic model implication of this model is that function of persuasive communication should be handled deftly at every stage of the consumers adoption process.   In this model it will embrace some of the tools that will be used in the launching of the company and the service that it will offer.    How to cite A PR plan for ageless, Papers

Management Information Technology Project -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Management Information Technology Project? Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to critically analyze communication in business. Business communication is important in delivering quality products and services in any business setup. Therefore, this paper aims at determining what need to be identified in business communication within a company so as to deliver quality products and services. Business communication need to be effective and efficient so as to propel progress within business setup. This information is based on principles of effective communication. These principles will be analyzed from three perspectives That is, communication examples, communication research and communication methodologies (Ballantyne, 2007). A business message need to be effective and efficient so as to encode and decode the most appropriate feedbacks required in a particular communication channel. The type of business message depend highly on sources of business communication. In this report, we consider two sources of business communication so as to demonstrate appropriate way of delivering business message. We also consider inappropriate or poor ways of delivering business message. Report overview There are two sources of business communication that will be considered in this report. These sources are applied to determine whether the business message under consideration was well presented or poorly presented. Properly presented business message affect business positively while poorly presented business message affect the business negatively. In this case, we can select a certain business that require business communication in order to effectively undertake duties and responsibilities. Let us consider a business that import and export industrial products at global level. This kind of business require appropriate business communication strategies so as to enhance effective business messaging. For instance, if the business deals with importation and exportation of highly delicate and perishable products, then a distinct business communication platform must be applied. It is important to understand business communication and sources of business communication. Typically, business communication is defined as the network or connection of data and information that incorporate both insiders and outsiders in order to solve and mitigate challenges of business organization (Ballantyne, 2007). There are certain rules and norms that regulate business communication. Initially, business communication was limited to paperwork and telephone calls. However, through advancement in technology, there are various innovations such as satellite communication, video conferencing, emails and cell phones used to support business communication. Business communication is an interpersonal goal oriented process that can be defined typically as problem-solving activity. In this report, the two main sources of business communication to be considered are internal information and external information. Internal information is a source of business communication created by the opera tion of an organization. This information include purchases, sales, orders and business transactions in inventory system. Again, accounting records are the prime source of internal information (Ballantyne, 2007). On the other hand, external information as a source of business communication is obtained from outside the business operations. These sources include print information, online information and television along with radio media information. For this report, we consider accounting records as a source of business communication from internal information and email as a source of business communication from external information. Discussion and analysis of findings Business communication that can be applied in this particular scenario include internal information and external information. In this case, there are areas where communication applied lead to appropriate progress while other communication lead to inappropriate progress. In simple terms, we can assert a good communication process and a poor communication process. If we consider accounting records as part of internal information, we realize that proper recording of accounting records provide accuracy in data. This is a good communication process. This communication message is of great importance since stakeholders in the organization can assess credibility of information under consideration. Thus, business communication process selected for business operation is excellent so as to keep track of what take place in the scope of business operations within and outside the company (Baily, Farmer Crocker, 2015). On the other hand, there is a business communication source from external infor mation that can be considered as poor in this report. Email is part of business communication from external information. Due to technological advancement, emails are used as a source of business communication so as to communicate a message to clients. As far as this report is concerned, this is a poor business communication process due to some factors. First, emailing depend on network connectivity. Without sustainable network, individuals in a business will not be in a position to decode and encode messages. Again, emails may result to delays in business communication. As mentioned earlier, emailing was initiated via technological innovation, thus, cases of cybercrimes are highly rampant where business information is diverted by criminals (Schwalbe, 2015). This brings huge losses to companies undertaking business activities. Spam messages are also associated to emailing as a source of business communication. Communication research The main forms of communication applied in this report are drawn from internal information and external information. From internal information, the type of communication applied was accounting records. These records communicate to all stakeholders on matters concerning sales, purchases, orders and inventories of data in the business. This type of communication assist stakeholders to assess credibility of data revolving a business. The company can forecast future trends of a business. It is classified as one of effective type of communication applied in a business (Kotler, 2011). The other type of communication applied in this report was email. This type of communication is drawn from external information as a source of business communication. This communication requires creation of accounts by both the sender and receiver of a massage. This communication process require use of network connectivity so as to decode and encode messages sent via email. Email addresses are created by indi viduals who will later communicate. Business operations are currently run via passing messages via email. However, this process is affected by several factors such as lack of reliable network connectivity and hacking by cyber criminals. In this report, we consider email as a poor communication process as compared to accounting records that tend to be efficient. Communication methodologies It is very important to identify and determine the nature of information and communication being delivered. For the case of accounting records obtained from internal information source of business communication, the company make a lot of positive changes based on this information. There are several details that can be drawn from accounting records. These include sales made in a given point in time as well as forecast of sales anticipated to be sold in the future (Hubbard, 2016). This assist the business in planning future progress. Again, purchases made are also indicated in accounting records. Orders made are also part of accounting information. Lists of inventories concerning business activities are also indicated in this communication process. It is therefore clear that this communication process is effective and reliable. Using this communication process results to a wider range of benefits. On the other hand, email as a communication process deliver variety of messages based on the motive of the sender and receiver. These messages can be business oriented or otherwise. The only undesirable limitation of this process is lack of data accuracy and credibility. Data is prone to manipulation by third party without authorization (Franco, 2015). Communication performed better in accounting records because the information required is recorded accurately. Communication did not work in email due to lack of network connectivity and cyber-attacks by criminals who manipulated messages. Diversion of communication messages compromised business communication process. Report analysis Accounting records facilitated business operations by providing details on sales, purchases, orders and data on inventory. Factors that facilitated effectiveness of this process included simplicity of data, completeness of data, clarity of communication messages, correctness of information as well as attractiveness (Dow Taylor, 2015). On the other hand, email did not deliver quality services in business communication due to factors such as lack of adequate network connectivity, manipulation of data through unauthorized access as well as diversion of messages which compromised the position of the company. References Baily, P., Farmer, D., Crocker, B. (2015). Procurement, Principle Management. Pearson publishers. Ballantyne, T. (2007). Capacity. Spectra. Dow, W., Taylor, B. (2015). Project Management Communication Tool. William Dow. Franco, S.A. (2015). Fundamentals of Corporate Finance. McGraw-Hill Education. Hubbard, G.R. (2016). Microeconomics. Pearson. Jonasson, H. (2012). Determining Project Requirement. Averbach publication. Kotler, P. (2011). Framework for Marketing Management. Pearson. Schwalbe, k. (2015). Information Technology Project Management. Course Technology.